The Face of Death Explication of a Passage in “Dulce Et...

My friend, you would not tell with such high zest / To children ardent for some desperate glory, / The old Lie; Dulce et Decorum est / Pro patria mori (Owen, lines 25-28). This segment of Owen’s poem depicts one of his comrades being poisoned by tear gas; this is clearly not a pleasant sight and is not wished upon anyone. This is of particular interest to me because it depicts the morbid horror of war. I believe the poem does a fine job of communicating the horrors of war much better than other modes of literature may be able to. It also challenges a lot of the idealistic feelings people have towards those who have made the ultimate sacrifice. The stanza comes at the end of the poem after the men labored hard and rucked through†¦show more content†¦The tone of the poem is morbid and solemn. This creates the mood that making the ultimate sacrifice is nothing glorious. This may be incredibly apparent to us today, but in Owen’s time, people thought of war as a glorious battle of good triumphing over evil. However, the tone created by Owen asking the reader to consider if he would tell his children of the glories of war tells us otherwise. The words that Owen uses contribute to the tone. By using â€Å"ardent† and â€Å"desperate,† we can see though the tone that it is a lie that giving the ultimate sacrifice is something that should be avoided at all costs. By referencing â€Å"children,† Owen makes the reader look at the fact that many people going off to war were as young as 15 years old and had not grown up. Owen is attempting to uncover the tragedy of the loss of life by young children in the war. Had Owen written the poem in a different tone, readers might believe that dying for one’s country is a noble cause. However, the tone darkens towards the end and confirms that Owen is trying to teach us that war is evil and one should not aspire to die defending his country. The horrors of World War One cannot be denied; it was a gory war with hundreds of thousands of deaths. What Owen is trying to convey is that many people are under the false impression that war is glorious; however, that is simply not the case. Owen is attempting to warn people that are at risk of buying into the nationalistic ideals of wanting to fight for

Innovation Leadership - 2252 Words

Innovation Leadership MBA6006 Capella University Introduction When one thinks of innovation, it is a term used to describe new ideas and new beginnings. One who introduced this concept to a failing organization, was an innovative leader named. Alan Lafley former CEO of Pamp;G, adapted the five discovery skills that were displayed in Dyer, Gregersen, amp; Christensen ‘s Innovator’s DNA associating, questioning, observing, networking, and experimenting. Lafley applied these skills to create an innovative organization and gave a blueprint for other innovative organizations to follow. Although, leadership is a group experience that includes interpersonal influences or†¦show more content†¦p. 3-5). It was this very act that facilitated the Connect amp; Develop (Camp;D) Model. This model revolutionized networking by using technology to bring diverse individuals together in order to develop new ideas, thoughts, processes, products, and services, for the future. Alan Lafley observed companies eagerly embracing new t echnologies; trade their closed innovation approach for new creative strategies. Explain why you chose this model and how it will help the leaders in their responsibilities as leaders of innovation. I chosen this model as it allowed Lafley the chance to infuse his innovative thinking with the business model as a good fit for Pamp;G. When Alan Lafley realized this then he had to find someway of connecting his theories along with his new introduced business model, he then â€Å"developed the Connect amp; Develop model to generate ideas from scientists, engineers, inventors, entrepreneurs and individuals outside the company† (Rao, et al., 2006). The DNA of disruptive organizations involves having a team of individuals who are not only given an environment where they are allowed to experiment and develop new ideas and processes but also possess strong discovery skills. 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Public Policies on Environmental Externalities for Political

Question: Discuss about thePublic Policies on Environmental Externalities for Political. Answer: Introduction: Modern world is combined projection of enormous social, political and economic activities. The manifestation of these activities impact on environment is evident in various aspects and one of the important has been climatic changes. Environmental deterioration stemming from human actions has become common ailment every country of the world faces. The World bank report on climate change and development predicts the world temperature to rise by 5 degree Celsius in coming 100 years in contrast to the pre-industrial phase (Desmet and Rossi-Hansberg 2015). The report presents a discussion on the simultaneous impact environment and economic activities exert on each other. Various economic activities like industrial production emits green house gases that adds to the worsening of global warming. The global warming in return contracts the limit of economic expansion based on the policies taken publicly to keep the earth temperature in control. The report also highlights some public policies to regulate the externalities on environment and how efficient they are. Economic Impact Of Global Warming: The impact of global warming is huge in terms of economic and further social terms. Increase in temperature enhances the sea level and various climatic changes that impact the agriculture greatly, Agriculture is the source to feed people and the biggest impact of global warming falls on it in terms of changed rain consistency, extreme weather condition including more heat and severe snowfall. The source of global warming is emission of greenhouses gases like carbon dioxide, methane emitted from industrial production of the developed as well as developing nations. More production implies more emission of these would create pressure on the industries to either reduce the production level or employ more energy efficient technologies. International trade of todays world are subject to share and exchange of range of goods and services that exploits the natural resources abundantly and cause environmental degradation. From consumer goods produced agriculturally and industrially to many services have caused impacts on nature. Thus trade has important contribution in the emission of green house gases leading to worldwide increase in temperature (Strand 2013). But on the other hand trade can be source of facilities in terms of newer and improved technologies adopted. The research and development being conducted worldwide in order to not only reduce the harmful gas emissions but al so come up with production an management technique that leads to optimum use of resources saving up energy. Moreover, ecological sustainability is also important factor to be taken cared by switching to energy efficient mode of production than energy extensive production in various sectors. One of the crucial impact that global warming has on human race is problem of migration. The sea level rise cause difficulties for the economic activities based on shoreline. The increasing acidic water body, extreme weather condition and consequent effects on lifestyle induce people to move from one place to another (Wheeler and Von Braun 2013). This leads to huge crisis as new habitats should be made and the population distribution becomes biased leading to increasing population pressure on land. Excessive land pressure does affect the environment. More the production ignores the detrimental impact it has on the nature, more is the negative outcome exerted on the nature through economic activities like farming, industry production, fishing etc. this would require control or check on the production if the impacts are not neutralized through adoption of efficient technology. This poses challenge to the employment opportunities throughout the world. The global warming changes the geographical advantages a country has and the employment opportunities might become impacted through that. For example for extreme weather condition, the farming of arctic and temperate zone gets affected that further reduces agricultural employment of the region. Public Policies To Control Environmental Degradation The biggest focus of the policy maker to deal with the chronic issue of global warming is to check the emission of hazardous gases mostly carbon dioxide a common emission that increases temperature remarkably by trapping the heat and radiation. The carbon emission is problem at both individual as well as social level hence government implementation of policies is required to keep the level of emission in check. Some of the policies can be: Imposition of tax on carbon emission has been one of the popular control policies to check the global warming proceeding. The tax can be conceived as pollution tax and levied based on the carbon content that fuels have. The developed countries that is more prone to make carbon emission due to higher production volume tries to resist the tax level as it causes loss of production. The social cost of carbon emission that is the marginal cost per tonne of emitted carbon has on the society both in economic and non economic way are massive which led to the global countries sign various environmental treaties in order to maintain a controlled level of carbon emission (Urry 2015) . Tax exemption of sustainable companies can be other good public policy to encourage green production and reduce level of carbon emissions and resulting environmental degradation. More investment should be made in research and development of green technology making more use of renewable resources. Subsidy should be provided in researching and adopting new technologies that helps in bringing innovation (Grubb 2012). Deforestation should be made illegal in order to maintain the ecological balance as it is one of the sources of green house gas emissions. Elimination of subsidy on all sorts of fuel can be another good way to discourage the use of exhaustible resources that are more polluting and harmful. Another important policy in this context is cap and trade or emission trading. Here economic incentives are provided to achieve targeted reduction in emission of pollutants. The government sells permit empowering the polluters to pollute up to a level fixed in the permit. To increase the level of emission, the polluting firm or business unit need to buy more permits. Regulation Vs Market-Based Policies The impact of the harmful gas released by human through various activities has raised concerns of the increasing global climatic changes that compelled governments of different countries to implement national program to check it. The Kyoto Protocol in 1997 made the countries come together in maintaining reduced level of green house gas emissions. Analaysis made by OECD suggests reduction of emission is possible at lower cost based on adoption of proper policies. The use of strong market based policies to set global price for green house gas has been popular. Regulation refers to various socially determined and legally implemented policies that evokes awareness on global changes and involve the entities to abide by some agreed level of emission. Kyoto protocol is one of the regulatory approach towards checking emission. Market based policy instruments targets to modify individual as well as firms behavior channeled through various financial gains and losses they face. These kind of po licies makes adjustment of the relative prices and creates market that did not exist prior. Market based policies can range from imposition of taxes , elimination of subsidy to making use of energy trading system. Moreover market based policies create a system where the associated cost with pollution are incorporated into the decision making of the entity that pollutes. These costs are generally not refelceted in the prices prevailing in the market. Popular market based mechanism to control emissions are imposition of carbon tax and cap and trade or permit trading. These market-based policies not only reduce emission but also effectively handle the cost that comes with reducing the carbon emission level. In case of tradable permit, the specific reduction is achieved though no cap in costs is applicable. Carbon taxes put cap on marginal cost of controlling emission at tax level specified in the tax but there is uncertainty in reducing the carbon emission (Ploeg and Withagen 2014). Finally it can be said where regulation like subsidy on solar power, taxation o pollutants or legal regulations of emitters commands reduction of emission to certain level even incurring much social cost by doing that, market based policies focuses more on the managing the costs through providing various incentives or disincentives to regarding emission making it more effective. Conclusion: The biggest challenge posed to the modern globe is the detrimental impact on environment that all of the combined economic activities have . To check the progression toward devastation and maintain sustainable development adoption of proper policies nationally are important. The economic impacts of continued global warming are huge as the entire economic functioning can disrupt through geographical dislocation, loss of employment or trade, production being forced to stop and so on. The public policies in form of regulation coming from government have been popular mode to reduce carbon and pollutant emission. There regulations imposed higher cost of emission in form of reduced production level which is impossible to meet at the point of growing demand of the economy both form national and international market. The market-based policies have been able to cost of reduction efficiently by allowing the farms to reduce emission without loosing volume of production. Reference: Desmet, K. and Rossi-Hansberg, E., 2015. On the spatial economic impact of global warming.Journal of Urban Economics,88, pp.16-37. Field, C.B. and Barros, V.R. eds., 2014.Climate change 2014: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability(Vol. 1). Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. Goulder, L.H. and Schein, A.R., 2013. Carbon taxes versus cap and trade: a critical review.Climate Change Economics,4(03), p.1350010. Grubb, M., 2012. Emissions trading: Cap and trade finds new energy.Nature,491(7426), pp.666-667. Hanewinkel, M., Cullmann, D.A., Schelhaas, M.J., Nabuurs, G.J. and Zimmermann, N.E., 2013. Climate change may cause severe loss in the economic value of European forest land.Nature Climate Change,3(3), p.203. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014.Climate Change 2014Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Regional Aspects. Cambridge University Press. Ploeg, F. and Withagen, C., 2014. Growth, renewables, and the optimal carbon tax.International Economic Review,55(1), pp.283-311. Revesz, R.L., Howard, P.H., Arrow, K., Goulder, L.H., Kopp, R.E., Livermore, M.A., Oppenheimer, M. and Sterner, T., 2014. Global warming: Improve economic models of climate change.Nature,508(7495), pp.173-175. Strand, J., 2013. Strategic climate policy with offsets and incomplete abatement: Carbon taxes versus cap-and-trade.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,66(2), pp.202-218. Urry, J., 2015. Climate change and society. InWhy the social sciences matter(pp. 45-59). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Watts, N., Adger, W.N., Agnolucci, P., Blackstock, J., Byass, P., Cai, W., Chaytor, S., Colbourn, T., Collins, M., Cooper, A. and Cox, P.M., 2015. Health and climate change: policy responses to protect public health.The Lancet,386(10006), pp.1861-1914. Wheeler, T. and Von Braun, J., 2013. Climate change impacts on global food security.Science,341(6145), pp.508-513.

Survival Mechanisms Of Wild Animals

Introduction Wild animals have many survival mechanisms, which enable them to survive the harsh environment of the jungle. The jungle environment is under control of natural conditions that are free from any human intervention, and thus, wild animals have utilized diverse survival mechanism to perpetuate themselves for many generations despite the predisposition to threatening circumstances.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Survival Mechanisms Of Wild Animals specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Like human beings, wild animals have the ability to define their own territories and own resources that are essential in their survival. Moreover, wild animals have social systems that enable them to have some form of government, which protects their territory and provides safety for their lives, as well as resources. Jungle government is consistent with human government because, both deal with protection of territory and acqu isition of resources. Behavior of certain species of animals usually depicts some social and habitual pattern, which implies that they have constant behavioral pattern as human beings exist in their complex society. Thus, for wild animals to survive in their natural environment, they employ both physical and behavioral adaptations. To elucidate how survival mechanisms of wild animals relate to human beings, this essay explores the survival mechanism and warlike behaviors of lions (Panthera leo). Lion A lion is a wild animal that belongs to a group of big cats, and it ranks second in size after tiger. The Lion belong to family of felidae, genus Panthera and species leo, hence scientifically called Panthera leo. Due to historic extinction of lions across the world, wild lions currently live in the African parks and game reserves because human activities continues to threaten their existence and survival. Since lion is the largest carnivore in the jungle, people have called it a king o f the jungle because it is extremely powerful and is conspicuous. Both human beings and wild animals fear its presence in a jungle as it is the most dangerous carnivores that cannot tolerate the presence of any unfriendly animals in its territory. Under wild environment, lions can live for about 10-15 years but due to frequent fights and loss of habits due to human encroachment, they rarely live longer. According to Fumagalli, mane on males, unemotional coloration and tufted tail are some of the prominent features that differentiate lion from other cats (3). Thus, what are the instinctive warlike features and survival mechanisms that lions employ in ruling their jungle, and how do they relate with human beings. Social Organization Like humans, lions organize themselves into groups for purposes of mating, hunting, protection, and rearing of young ones. Social organization and behavior differentiates lions from other wild animals because it is quite rare to see a lion hunting and livi ng a solitary life. Their social organization shows that lions are social animals that live in groups.Advertising Looking for essay on biology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Social organization of lions is a behavioral adaption that enables them to guard their territory and gather their energies together for hunting. Fumagalli argues that social organization enable lions to build a strong community that allow them to conquer their prey, rule their territory, and dominate jungle environment (4). The community of lions is similar with the human community that has been expanding with time, and it has now become a global community. Thus, existence of community of lion in a jungle is attributable to dominating influence of lion because where ever lions go, they displace other animals, particularly their prey. Since other communities of wild animals fear lions, they constantly migrate from one habitat to another in search of safer habitats where lions are absent. Social organization of lions is also similar to humans because they live in groups called prides. Pride of lions is similar to human families because it consists of a lion, lionesses, and cubs. A pride of lions is like a polygamous family where there is a father, mothers, and children. Two or more lions cannot live together in one pride because they will fight for mates until one remain to take control of the pride. West and Packer explain that, when male cubs mature, the dominant lions drive them away from the pride so that they can wander in search of a pride that has no lions and start dominating it (1340). Such behavior is similar to that observed in human, for when a son matures, the family lets him free to look for a partner and start his own family. However, the contrast is that humans are not always polygamous, unlike lions where they have multiple lionesses in a pride. While humans marry from unrelated families, lions have no limitations si nce a pride consists of about five related lionesses. Therefore, social organization of pride is similar to polygamous family of humans. In addition to family organization, lions devolve responsibilities in their society to enable them cope with varied challenges that they face in the jungle. Fumagalli states that, lions have structured their society according to job hierarchies that they perform (4). For instance, lioness’s functions are mainly to hunt and take care of the cubs, while lions’ functions are to offer protection to the pride and lead them during migration. When lioness kills a prey, lion has a right to feed first, followed lioness, while cubs are the last to feed because they have minimal function in the pride.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Survival Mechanisms Of Wild Animals specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hence, lionesses have a great responsibility in ensuring that the pride get s food when needed. Examination of pride devolvement of responsibilities shows that it is similar with how human families operate. In human families, the father, mother, and children have different responsibilities that they play. However, the difference is that while lioness is the provider of the pride, father is the provider of the family in the human context. Territory Battles Since lions have social organization that relates to human organization, they depict warlike behaviors in their normal lives. One of the main warlike behaviors is evident in how lions defend their territories. Lions feel threatened by other carnivores that come into their territory, for they increase competition of meager resources that they need, particularly animals of prey. Carnivores such as hyena and cheetah offer serious competition to lions; thus, lions do not want to see them in their territory. According to Trinkel and Kastberger, hyenas are carnivores that give lions high competition is the jungl e because they are scavengers that feed on any carcass that lions leave after feeding (221). Since hyenas are scavengers, they do not let lions preserve their prey, hence compelling them to hunt on a daily basis. To defend their territory, lions usually fight and scare other carnivores from their territory by roaring hungrily. Normally, when a lion roars, it alerts and scares other carnivores that may be gradually approaching the territory. The manner, in which lions defend their territory, is similar to the way human beings have acquired land to build homes for protecting themselves against intruders, who tend to increase competition. On an individual level, human’s territory consists of land and home that one has acquired and built to free oneself from interference of intruders who seek to expand their territory using violence means. Such intruders include thieves, robbers, and thugs among other forms of crime that have no boundaries. Thus, the need to expand territory is s imilar in both humans and lions, as it is essential in creating a safe environment that is free from intruders. Trinkel and Kastberger argue that, the foremost threat that is facing lions in the jungle is the intrusion of more carnivores because they can overwhelm lions and force them to migrate to other destinations (222). Thus, survival mechanism of lions in the jungle involves expansion of territory by fighting and scaring other animals away, especially carnivores for they threaten their survival.Advertising Looking for essay on biology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lions are not always vigilant to protect their territories because they spend about 14 hours sleeping, and thus they mostly sleep in turns. When lioness and cubs are sleeping, lions remain awake for their responsibility is to protect the pride from not only roaming lions, but also from other carnivores that seem to threaten the existence of their cubs. Moreover, given that the jungle is so expansive, lions usually mark their territory while wandering and hunting. According to Heinsohn, lions use urine, feces, and scaring roars to mark their territory (1144). When other wild animals come into marked territories, they feel threatened because territorial markers always remind them of impending attacks from lions. Roaring of lions in the jungle signifies their aggressive behavior and readiness to cause violence by attacking intruders, particularly carnivores that tend to give them competition in hunting. Therefore, marking of territory by lions is similar to the way human fence where th ey live and putting warning signs that caution other humans against trespassing. If one ignores signs that warn against trespassing, normally a trespasser is prone to violent treatment, which involves assault and arrest. From the behavior of lions in the jungle, humans can learn that territory marking is a natural instinct that lions use to protect themselves plus their pride from aggression of intruders because it threatens their existence. Like lions, humans also employ security personnel to guard their territory against intrusion. As lions take turns while sleeping and guard their territory against roaming lions and other intruders, humans also has security personnel who constantly give vigilance to assigned territory. Based on how lions mark and guard their territory, humans can learn that the safety of a territory depends on concerted efforts of everyone. However, the difference in territorial marking is that while lions use landmarks to define their territory, human demarcate their territory using fences and houses. Battle over Mates While selecting their mates, lions depict warlike behaviors because they fiercely fight to determine the head of a pride. Pride is a social unit of lions, which is susceptible to violence because lions normally fight over mates. Although lionesses take care of the cubs when they are young, when male cubs mature, the head of the pride threatens their survival and thus, forces them out of the pride to avoid conflicts in the future, in terms of domination of the pride. West and Packer argue that, male cubs can enjoy staying in native pride until when they are about three years old, then driven out by lion, which is the leader of the pride (1341). Given that a pride consists of more than five lionesses, lions find it honorable to head the pride and be the king of the jungle. Thus, by heading a pride, lion gets social power that demonstrates its strengths in a jungle environment that is full of roaming lions without any pride. It , therefore, means that lions fights over leadership of a pride, which has its basis on mate selection. When male cubs mature and get out of their native pride, they roam in the jungle looking for a pride that they can conquer and dominate. The roaming lions are terribly angry, and thus are poised to face any lions that they meet as they look for a pride to lead and begin their own generation until when they are too old to lead. Since roaming lions are usually young, they are unable to conquer well-established prides; hence, they wander until a time when they are mature enough to face other lions that are leading prides. During roaming, when lions meet weaker or aged lion that is leading a pride, they fight and take over the pride. According to West and Packer, battles over mates are particularly brutal because it results into severe injurious on fighting lions and occasionally death of a weaker lion (1342). Therefore, lions depict warlike behaviors when selecting their mates and pr ides for them to achieve their dominance through violence. Comparatively, it is evident that lions are like human beings as both are willing to sacrifice themselves so that they can get their mates. While lions fight physical to win their mates, human beings employ a vast deal of resources when convincing their potential mates to accept them. Moreover, humans are similar to the lions because they depict aggressive behavior in protection their mates. Normally, a husband can do anything to protect his wife and children against aggression from other men. Therefore, the brutal nature of violence that lions depict in protecting their prides is not unique to them alone; it is closely related to the aggressive behavior of humans when guarding their families. The difference with the violence is that while weak lion is willing to vacate pride and territory, human beings are unable for they have various means of fighting enemies. Scramble for Resources What compels lions to mark their territo ry is competition for resources. In the jungle, many carnivores compete for the same animals of prey. For instance, hyenas, cheetahs, and vultures give competition to lions, in terms of hunting and feeding on carcasses. For lions to have sufficient resources, they aggressively fight and scare other carnivores from their territory. Normally, lions do not run as fast as cheetahs when catching their prey; thus, they mark their territory so that they can dominate as the only hunters. To catch their prey, lions wait at strategic positions where they target young or old prey, which are unable to run fast. If other carnivores are present in the same territory, it means that competition will increase because there would be no young or old prey to catch; hence, lions will have a daunting task of hunting. According to Trinkel and Kastberger, what has caused lion population to decrease in African parks in increased competition from other carnivores that they have common prey (223). Thus, even humans struggle to hoard meager resources such as land and money, which assure them of a happy life. Each country in the world is struggling to amass as many resources as possible to enhance economic capacity of people within its territory. The difference is that while lions are unable to control their resources, humans have an elaborate system that has enabled them to scramble and preserve their resources for posterity. Within and between prides, lions also portray some aggressive behavior that often results into violence. Normally, when lioness has obtained a prey for the pride to feed on, the lion is the first to feed leaving cubs and other lionesses to stare hungrily. Occasionally, since cubs cannot withstand hunger while watching the lion feeding, they tend to interrupt the lion by biting and snatching away the prey, and thus elicit violence. When a lion experience disturbance while feeding, it becomes angry and start fighting fiercely with the cubs. At some instances, the figh t results into death of a cub, and the lioness has nothing to do rather than watch harmlessly. Since the source of conflict within the pride is feeding, it is similar to human violence because quite often disagreement within the family emanates from utilization of resources. For instance, lack of food or misuse of food with stringent family budget causes disagreement that eventually leads into violence. However, the difference between lions and human beings is violence that results from feeding is sharing of food. In humans, family begins by feeding children first, then followed by adults, while lions, pride begins by feeding lion then cubs comes last. From such difference, human can learn that the cause of violence in a family level has a rational basis unlike in the case of lions where they are insensitive to the needs of their cubs. Bloodshed Murder is a common occurrence in the jungle because, roaming lions wander throughout the jungle looking for a pride with weak lion so that they can conquer and take over the leadership of the pride. When lions fight over leadership struggles of pride, there is a high probability that a weaker or old lion will die, and in some instances forced to wander in solitude. Therefore, every time there is leadership takeover of a pride, murder occurs, and thus decimate the population of old and weak lions in the jungle. Murder is also evident in humans when leaders fight for leadership. Across the world, it is apparent that during political campaigns and leadership takeover, there is murder of civilians. The difference is that while leaders fight in lions, civilians fight in humans. Hence, civilians need to learn that leaders should take responsibility of their leadership struggles and not use them as a sacrifice for gaining leadership. Additionally, genocide occurs in the jungle because roaming lions that do not have pride are angry about their solitary life, and thus when they encounter cubs of another lion, they kill all of t hem. Packer and Pusey argue that, infanticide by roaming lions is a survival mechanism that lions employ in preventing lionesses from rearing cubs that are not theirs and further expedite estrous cycle of lionesses (716). Genocide of young cubs means that a lion do wants to take care of strange cubs. This behavior is similar to that of humans because men rarely get married to a woman with children that are not his. Form this behavior; humans can learn that children from another parent create instability in a marriage. The difference in genocide is that, while genocide occurs in the context of pride in lions, in humans, it occurs in the context of races and ethnicities. Conclusion Survival mechanisms of a lion in the jungle resemble those of human beings although they are somewhat primitive. The warlike behaviors and attributes of lion have made it termed as king of the jungle, which is similar to human kings who rule defined territories. The organizational social system relates to t hat of human, which consists of families and territories that need leadership. Thus, for social organization to function effectively, lions battle over territories, pride, and resources that result into murder and at times genocide of cubs. Thus, humans beings can learn from lions that violent struggles for territory, resources and mates is a natural instinct that is also present in wild animals. Works Cited Fumagalli, Markus. â€Å"Pathera leo: The Lion.† Nature, 2007: 1-12 Heinsohn, Robert. â€Å"Group Territory in Two Populations of African Lions.† Animal  Behavior 53.6 (1997): 1143-1147. Packer, Craig, and Pusey, Anne. â€Å"Adaptations of Female Lions to Infanticide by Incoming Males.† The American naturalist 121.5 (1983): 716-728. Trinkel, Martina, and Kastberger, Gerald. â€Å"Competitive Interactions Between Spotted Hyenas and Lions in the Etosha National Park, Namibia.† African Journal of Ecology 43.3 (2005): 220-224. West, Peyton, and Packer, Craig. â€Å"Sexual Selection, Temperature and the Lion’s Mane.†Ã‚  Science 297.5585 (2002): 1339-1343. This essay on Survival Mechanisms Of Wild Animals was written and submitted by user Alejandro Whitehead to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.